# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Copyright 2014-2016 OpenMarket Ltd
# Copyright 2019 New Vector Ltd
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

import logging
import random
import time

import attr

from twisted.internet import defer
from twisted.internet.error import ConnectError
from twisted.names import client, dns
from twisted.names.error import DNSNameError, DomainError

from synapse.util.logcontext import make_deferred_yieldable

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)

SERVER_CACHE = {}


@attr.s
class Server(object):
    """
    Our record of an individual server which can be tried to reach a destination.

    Attributes:
        host (bytes): target hostname
        port (int):
        priority (int):
        weight (int):
        expires (int): when the cache should expire this record - in *seconds* since
            the epoch
    """
    host = attr.ib()
    port = attr.ib()
    priority = attr.ib(default=0)
    weight = attr.ib(default=0)
    expires = attr.ib(default=0)


def pick_server_from_list(server_list):
    """Randomly choose a server from the server list

    Args:
        server_list (list[Server]): list of candidate servers

    Returns:
        Tuple[bytes, int]: (host, port) pair for the chosen server
    """
    if not server_list:
        raise RuntimeError("pick_server_from_list called with empty list")

    # TODO: currently we only use the lowest-priority servers. We should maintain a
    # cache of servers known to be "down" and filter them out

    min_priority = min(s.priority for s in server_list)
    eligible_servers = list(s for s in server_list if s.priority == min_priority)
    total_weight = sum(s.weight for s in eligible_servers)
    target_weight = random.randint(0, total_weight)

    for s in eligible_servers:
        target_weight -= s.weight

        if target_weight <= 0:
            return s.host, s.port

    # this should be impossible.
    raise RuntimeError(
        "pick_server_from_list got to end of eligible server list.",
    )


class SrvResolver(object):
    """Interface to the dns client to do SRV lookups, with result caching.

    The default resolver in twisted.names doesn't do any caching (it has a CacheResolver,
    but the cache never gets populated), so we add our own caching layer here.

    Args:
        dns_client (twisted.internet.interfaces.IResolver): twisted resolver impl
        cache (dict): cache object
        get_time (callable): clock implementation. Should return seconds since the epoch
    """
    def __init__(self, dns_client=client, cache=SERVER_CACHE, get_time=time.time):
        self._dns_client = dns_client
        self._cache = cache
        self._get_time = get_time

    @defer.inlineCallbacks
    def resolve_service(self, service_name):
        """Look up a SRV record

        Args:
            service_name (bytes): record to look up

        Returns:
            Deferred[list[Server]]:
                a list of the SRV records, or an empty list if none found
        """
        now = int(self._get_time())

        if not isinstance(service_name, bytes):
            raise TypeError("%r is not a byte string" % (service_name,))

        cache_entry = self._cache.get(service_name, None)
        if cache_entry:
            if all(s.expires > now for s in cache_entry):
                servers = list(cache_entry)
                defer.returnValue(servers)

        try:
            answers, _, _ = yield make_deferred_yieldable(
                self._dns_client.lookupService(service_name),
            )
        except DNSNameError:
            # TODO: cache this. We can get the SOA out of the exception, and use
            # the negative-TTL value.
            defer.returnValue([])
        except DomainError as e:
            # We failed to resolve the name (other than a NameError)
            # Try something in the cache, else rereaise
            cache_entry = self._cache.get(service_name, None)
            if cache_entry:
                logger.warn(
                    "Failed to resolve %r, falling back to cache. %r",
                    service_name, e
                )
                defer.returnValue(list(cache_entry))
            else:
                raise e

        if (len(answers) == 1
                and answers[0].type == dns.SRV
                and answers[0].payload
                and answers[0].payload.target == dns.Name(b'.')):
            raise ConnectError("Service %s unavailable" % service_name)

        servers = []

        for answer in answers:
            if answer.type != dns.SRV or not answer.payload:
                continue

            payload = answer.payload

            servers.append(Server(
                host=payload.target.name,
                port=payload.port,
                priority=payload.priority,
                weight=payload.weight,
                expires=now + answer.ttl,
            ))

        self._cache[service_name] = list(servers)
        defer.returnValue(servers)
