diff --git a/changelog.d/18763.bugfix b/changelog.d/18763.bugfix
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..97bb50376
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelog.d/18763.bugfix
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Fix an issue that could cause logcontexts to be lost on rate-limited requests. Found by @realtyem.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/synapse/http/server.py b/synapse/http/server.py
index 395d82fd1..f8f58ec6d 100644
--- a/synapse/http/server.py
+++ b/synapse/http/server.py
@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ class _AsyncResource(resource.Resource, metaclass=abc.ABCMeta):
                     callback_return = await self._async_render(request)
                 except LimitExceededError as e:
                     if e.pause:
-                        self._clock.sleep(e.pause)
+                        await self._clock.sleep(e.pause)
                     raise
 
                 if callback_return is not None:
diff --git a/synapse/storage/databases/main/deviceinbox.py b/synapse/storage/databases/main/deviceinbox.py
index c9a8d106d..c10e2d261 100644
--- a/synapse/storage/databases/main/deviceinbox.py
+++ b/synapse/storage/databases/main/deviceinbox.py
@@ -1031,7 +1031,7 @@ class DeviceInboxWorkerStore(SQLBaseStore):
 
             # We sleep a bit so that we don't hammer the database in a tight
             # loop first time we run this.
-            self._clock.sleep(1)
+            await self._clock.sleep(1)
 
     async def get_devices_with_messages(
         self, user_id: str, device_ids: StrCollection