Introduce `Clock.call_when_running(...)` to wrap startup code in a
logcontext, ensuring we can identify which server generated the logs.
Background:
> Ideally, nothing from the Synapse homeserver would be logged against the `sentinel`
> logcontext as we want to know which server the logs came from. In practice, this is not
> always the case yet especially outside of request handling.
>
> Global things outside of Synapse (e.g. Twisted reactor code) should run in the
> `sentinel` logcontext. It's only when it calls into application code that a logcontext
> gets activated. This means the reactor should be started in the `sentinel` logcontext,
> and any time an awaitable yields control back to the reactor, it should reset the
> logcontext to be the `sentinel` logcontext. This is important to avoid leaking the
> current logcontext to the reactor (which would then get picked up and associated with
> the next thing the reactor does).
>
> *-- `docs/log_contexts.md`
Also adds a lint to prefer `Clock.call_when_running(...)` over
`reactor.callWhenRunning(...)`
Part of https://github.com/element-hq/synapse/issues/18905
Closes: #18436
Implements:
https://github.com/matrix-org/matrix-spec-proposals/pull/4308
Follows: #18674
Adds an extension to Sliding Sync and a companion
endpoint needed for backpaginating missed thread subscription changes,
as described in MSC4308
---------
Signed-off-by: Olivier 'reivilibre <oliverw@matrix.org>
Co-authored-by: Andrew Morgan <1342360+anoadragon453@users.noreply.github.com>
